oracle11g恢复ocr和 votedisk

环境：RHEL5.5 RAC 11.2.0.3.0

1：查看ORC和voting disk信息：

In 11g Release 2 your voting disk data is automatically backed up in the OCR whenever there is a configuration change.
所以恢复时恢复备份OCR即可，这里和10g是不同的，不需要备份voting disk，备份OCR即可

2：使用cluvfy 工具检查OCR完整性
[grid@rac1 ~]$ cluvfy comp ocr -n all
Verifying OCR integrity
Checking OCR integrity...

Checking the absence of a non-clustered configuration...
All nodes free of non-clustered, local-only configurations
ASM Running check passed. ASM is running on all specified nodes
Checking OCR config file "/etc/oracle/ocr.loc"...
OCR config file "/etc/oracle/ocr.loc" check successful
Disk group for ocr location "+CRSDATA" available on all the nodes

NOTE:
This check does not verify the integrity of the OCR contents. Execute 'ocrcheck' as a privileged user to verify the contents of OCR.
OCR integrity check passed
Verification of OCR integrity was successful.
注：从查询的过程可以看出：先从/etc/oracle/ocr.loc文件中读取ocr文件的location，然后再去校验ocr文件

3：使用ocrcheck检测OCR内容的完整性
[grid@rac1 ~]$ ocrcheck
Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :
Version : 3
Total space (kbytes) : 262120
Used space (kbytes) : 3016
Available space (kbytes) : 259104
ID : 1236405787
Device/File Name : +GRID
Device/File integrity check succeeded
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured

Cluster registry integrity check succeeded

Logical corruption check bypassed due to non-privileged user --如果使用root用户执行ocrcheck时，会显示Logical corruption check succeeded

4：检测voting disk的信息
[grid@rac1 ~]$ crsctl query css votedisk
## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group
-- ----- ----------------- --------- ---------
1. ONLINE 86bd15dffc5b4ff4bfe931d48f413172 (/dev/raw/raw1) [GRID] Located 1 voting disk(s).

从上面看出，OCR和voting disk都位于+GRID磁盘组 ，注意+GRID磁盘组含有ASM的启动参数文件，ASM启动是根据磁盘头的kfdhdb.spfile指向ASM上的此磁盘的UA NUMBER从而读取spfile文件

5：手动备份一份OCR信息：
[root@rac1 grid]# ocrconfig -export /tmp/ocr_20130717.dmp
[root@rac1 grid]# ll /tmp/ocr_20130717.dmp -h
-rw------- 1 root root 102K Jul 17 14:45 /tmp/ocr_20130717.dmp
ocrconfig -manualbackup
6：查看OCR自动备份信息
[grid@rac1 ~]$ ocrconfig -showbackup

rac1 2013/07/16 15:45:24 /u01/app/11.2.0.3/grid/cdata/ad-cluster/backup00.ocr
rac2 2013/07/16 08:13:38 /u01/app/11.2.0.3/grid/cdata/ad-cluster/backup01.ocr
rac2 2013/07/16 04:14:09 /u01/app/11.2.0.3/grid/cdata/ad-cluster/backup02.ocr
rac2 2013/07/16 00:14:38 /u01/app/11.2.0.3/grid/cdata/ad-cluster/day.ocr
rac2 2013/07/07 04:40:11 /u01/app/11.2.0.3/grid/cdata/ad-cluster/week.ocr
PROT-25: Manual backups for the Oracle Cluster Registry are not available

7：保存一份ASM参数文件，如果提前没保存，可以到$CRS_HOME/dbs/init.ora获取一份，后面是启动参数的详细内容

[grid@rac1 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysasm

SQL> create pfile='/tmp/asm_pfile_130717.txt' from spfile;

File created.

8：破坏保存OCR信息的磁盘组+GRID
[root@rac1 dev]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/raw/raw1 bs=8k count=1000

11：强制关闭CRS:(两个节点都执行)
[root@rac1 dev]# crsctl stop crs -f
CRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'rac1'
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.

12：以独占模式启动rac1
[root@rac1 dev]# crsctl start crs -excl -nocrs
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.mdnsd' on 'rac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.mdnsd' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gpnpd' on 'rac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gpnpd' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'rac1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gipcd' on 'rac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gipcd' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssd' on 'rac1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.diskmon' on 'rac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.diskmon' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssd' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.drivers.acfs' on 'rac1'
CRS-2679: Attempting to clean 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'rac1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.ctssd' on 'rac1'
CRS-2681: Clean of 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'rac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.ctssd' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.drivers.acfs' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.asm' on 'rac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.asm' on 'rac1' succeeded

12：创建GRID磁盘组以及spfile

[grid@rac1 ~]$ asmcmd

ASMCMD> ls
空的

[grid@rac1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysasm

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Wed Jul 17 16:58:18 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options

SQL>shutdown abort
SQL>startup pfile='/tmp/asm_pfile_130717.txt';
SQL> create diskgroup GRID external redundancy disk '/dev/raw/raw1'attribute 'compatible.asm'='11.2.0.3.0', 'compatible.rdbms'='11.2.0.3.0';

Diskgroup created.

SQL> create spfile='+GRID' from pfile='/tmp/asm_pfile_130717.txt';

File created.

SQL> quit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options
[grid@rac1 ~]$ asmcmd
ASMCMD> ls
GRIDDG/
ASMCMD> ls GRID
cluster/
ASMCMD> ls GRID/cluster/
ASMPARAMETERFILE/
ASMCMD> ls GRID/cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE
REGISTRY.253.821034567
13：Restore OCR from backup:

[root@rac1 dev]# ocrconfig -restore /u01/app/11.2.0.3/grid/cdata/cluster/backup00.ocr
ocrconfig -import /tmp/ocr_20130717.dmp
可以看到增加了一个OCRFILE文件夹
ASMCMD> ls +GRID/cluster
ASMPARAMETERFILE/
OCRFILE/
ASMCMD> ls +GRID/cluster/OCRFILE -l
Type Redund Striped Time Sys Name
OCRFILE MIRROR COARSE JUL 17 17:00:00 Y REGISTRY.255.821036449
ASMCMD> ls +GRID/cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE -l
Type Redund Striped Time Sys Name
ASMPARAMETERFILE MIRROR COARSE JUL 17 17:00:00 Y REGISTRY.253.821034567

检测成功
[root@rac1 dev]# ocrcheck
Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :
Version : 3
Total space (kbytes) : 262120
Used space (kbytes) : 3016
Available space (kbytes) : 259104
ID : 1236405787
Device/File Name : +GRID
Device/File integrity check succeeded

Device/File not configured

Device/File not configured

Device/File not configured

Device/File not configured

Cluster registry integrity check succeeded

14：Restore the Voting Disk:

[root@rac1 dev]# crsctl query css votedisk
Located 0 voting disk(s).

[root@rac1 dev]# crsctl replace votedisk +GRID
Successful addition of voting disk 86bd15dffc5b4ff4bfe931d48f413172.
Successfully replaced voting disk group with +GRID.
CRS-4266: Voting file(s) successfully replaced

停止GI以正常方式启动：
[root@rac1 ~]# crsctl stop crs
[root@rac1 ~]# crsctl start crs
[root@rac2 ~]# crsctl start crs

此时，ocr和voting disk已经完成恢复，但要注意修改rac2上的/etc/oracle/ocr.loc里面的ocrconfig_loc=+GRID ，不然启动报错：

[/u01/app/11.2.0.3/grid/bin/oraagent.bin(19510)]CRS-5019:All OCR locations are on ASM disk groups [CRSDATA], and none of these disk groups are mounted. Details are at "(:CLSN00100:)" in "/u01/app/11.2.0.3/grid/log/rac1/agent/ohasd/oraagent_grid/oraagent_grid.log".
2013-07-18 00:10:33.678
[/u01/app/11.2.0.3/grid/bin/oraagent.bin(19510)]CRS-5019:All OCR locations are on ASM disk groups [CRSDATA], and none of these disk groups are mounted. Details are at "(:CLSN00100:)" in "/u01/app/11.2.0.3/grid/log/rac1/agent/ohasd/oraagent_grid/oraagent_grid.log".
2013-07-18 00:11:03.614

确认GI是否正常启动
[root@rac1 ~]# crs_stat -t

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